John E Cuzens

58206876, Oct 13, 1998

Jun 13, 1996

8/664184

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Las Vegas NV

C13D 314
B01D 1504
C07H 100
C12P 1902

127 462

A economically viable method for producing sugars using concentrated acid hydrolysis of biomass containing cellulose and hemicellulose is disclosed. The cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass is first decrystallized and then hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysate containing both sugars and acid. Silica present in the biomass can then be removed for further processing. The remaining solids are then subjected to a second decrystallization and hydrolyzation to optimize the sugar yields. An improved method for separating the sugars from the acid in the hydrolysate is also disclosed. The resulting sugar stream can then be fermented, using an improved method which allows both hexose and pentose sugars to be fermented simultaneously.

58921079, Apr 6, 1999

Nov 8, 1996

8/747441

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Mission Viejo CA

C07C 5100
C07C 2700

562515

A method of producing dehydration products from one or more 5-carbon or 6-carbon sugars includes reacting said one or more sugars at 40. degree. -240. degree. C. for 1 to 96 hours in the presence of 10-90% sulfuric acid, separating the reaction products, and recovering levulinic acid. The sugars can be generated from strong acid hydrolysis of biomass, such as rice straw, paper, cotton and other cellulosic materials.

57260460, Mar 10, 1998

Jul 2, 1996

8/674405

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Mission Viejo CA

C13K 102
C12P 1912
C12P 1902

435100

A economically viable method for producing sugars using concentrated acid hydrolysis of biomass containing cellulose and hemicellulose is disclosed. The cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass is first decrystallized and then hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysate containing both sugars and acid. Silica and silicates present in the biomass can then be removed for further processing. The remaining solids are then subjected to a second decrystallization if necessary and a second hydrolyzation to optimize the sugar yields.

55627773, Oct 8, 1996

Mar 26, 1993

8/038628

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Las Vegas NV

C13K 102
C07H 106
C07H 100
C12P 1902

127 37

A economically viable method for producing sugars using concentrated acid hydrolysis of biomass containing cellulose and hemicellulose is disclosed. The cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass is first decrystallized and then hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysate containing both sugars and acid. Silica present in the biomass can then be removed for further processing. The remaining solids are then subjected to a second decrystallization and hydrolyzation to optimize the sugar yields. An improved method for separating the sugars from the acid in the hydrolysate is also disclosed. The resulting sugar stream can then be fermented, using an improved method which allows both hexose and pentose sugars to be fermented simultaneously.

55803890, Dec 3, 1996

Jun 6, 1995

8/465855

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Laguna Hills CA

C13D 314
B01D 1504
C07H 100
C12P 1902

127 462

A economically viable method for producing sugars using concentrated acid hydrolysis of biomass containing cellulose and hemicellulose is disclosed. The cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass is first decrystallized and then hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysate containing both sugars and acid. Silica present in the biomass can then be removed for further processing. The remaining solids are then subjected to a second decrystallization and hydrolyzation to optimize the sugar yields. An improved method for separating the sugars from the acid in the hydrolysate is also disclosed. The resulting sugar stream can then be fermented, using an improved method which allows both hexose and pentose sugars to be fermented simultaneously.

55977146, Jan 28, 1997

Jun 7, 1995

8/483455

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Mission Viejo CA

C13K 102
C12P 1912
C12P 1902
B01J 300

435100

A economically viable method for producing sugars using concentrated acid hydrolysis of biomass containing cellulose and hemicellulose is disclosed. The cellulose and hemicellulose in the biomass is first decrystallized and then hydrolyzed to produce a hydrolysate containing both sugars and acid. Silica and silicates present in the biomass can then be removed for further processing. The remaining solids are then subjected to a second decrystallization if necessary and a second hydrolyzation to optimize the sugar yields.

60546115, Apr 25, 2000

May 13, 1998

9/076941

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Mission Viejo CA

C07D 5100

562515

A method of producing dehydration products from one more 5-carbon or 6-carbon sugars includes reacting said one or more sugars at 40-240. degree. C. for 1 to 96 hours in the presence of 5-90% sulfuric acid, separating the reaction products, and recovering levulinic acid. The sugars are can be generated from strong acid hydrolysis of biomass, such as rice straw, paper, cotton and other cellulosic materials.

56208774, Apr 15, 1997

Jun 6, 1995

8/467222

William A. Farone - Irvine CA
John E. Cuzens - Santa Ana CA

Arkenol, Inc. - Mission Viejo CA

C12P 1902
C12P 756
C12P 754
C12P 706

435139

An economically viable method of fermenting a mixture of sugars resulting from the acid hydrolysis of material containing cellulose and hemicellulose allows for the simultaneous fermentation of both pentose and hexose sugars. The sugar solution is mixed with a microbial organism known to produce a useful fermentation product, and the fermentation process is allowed to proceed for 3-5 days, during and after which the fermentation products are removed and purified.